Acne is characterized by larger and more productive sebaceous glands. Sebum secretion is high in newborns, after which it gradually decreases until a new peak is reached at the beginning of puberty. At the end of this age period follows a relatively constant level of sebum production without expected peaks. This explains to some extent the frequency of the disease in adolescence.
Mechanism of occurrence
Acne in teengers has the the same mechanism of occurenceas acne in athletes and adults. A distinctive feature is that its onset coincides with the onset of puberty, when the release of androgenic hormones (eg testosterone) is activated. They in turn control the secretion of sebaceous glands. Some adrenal hormones, such as androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, have a similar effect. The sebaceous glands have receptors for androgenic hormones on their surface, through which the "communication" of hormones with the gland takes place. When the "hormone-receptor" contact is made, a signal is given that "commands" the production of more than the required amount of sebum.
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Symptoms
Acne in teenagers can be of varying severity. All types of acneare seen, most often comedones and papulo-pustular, which determines the clinical picture. In the first case, the complaints may be quite discreet, related to the fact that the skin is oily to the touch, and the rash is represented by comedones on the face. Papulo-pustular acne is a moderate variant in which inflammatory changes dominate, the facial skin is mainly involved, mainly papules and pustules are observed. Some teenagers develop a severe form of acne, the so-called conglobatically, in which the skin of the back and décolleté is also involved, and the rash consists of cysts and nodules. Moderate and severe forms of acne carry the risk of scarring and hyperpigmentation, which requires them to be treated promptly and adequately by a dermatologist.
Treatment of acne
Therapy is determined by the severity of the clinical picture, age, sex and general condition of the patient. You can learn more about acne treatment at this page.